Ten large Asian river basins (the Amu Darya, Indus, Tarim, Ganges, Brahmaputra, Irrawaddy, Salween, Mekong, Yangtze, and Yellow) originate in the Hindu Kush Himalayas (HKH) region. They supply water to more than 1.3 billion people, a fifth of the world’s population, providing the means for food and energy production, livelihoods and a range of other crucial social and environmental services.